Application of IoT in Agriculture Automation

Agriculture plays a significant role in the economic sector. Automation in agriculture is the main
concern across the world. The population is increasing tremendously and with this increase the
demand for food and employment is also increasing. The traditional methods which were used by
the farmers were not sufficient enough to fulfil these requirements. Thus, new automated methods
were introduced. IoT provides real time data for algorithms to increase agricultural efficiencies,
improve crops yields and reduce food production costs. It allows them to identify areas that need
irrigation, pesticide or fertilization treatment.

Existing Solutions without IoT are :

The farmers use fertilisers and pesticides on a large scale. They have also brought their land under a
high yielding variety of seeds. They have mechanised agriculture by introducing machines in various
processes of farming. Farmers use various irrigation systems to fulfil the need for water.

Pain Area of the Farmers and Agri-related Things :

The agricultural industry faces various challenges such as lack of effective irrigation systems, weeds,
issues with plant monitoring due to crop height and extreme weather conditions. But the
performance can be increased with the aid of technology and thus these problems can be solved. It
can be improved with different IoT driven techniques like remote sensors for soil moisture content
detection and automated irrigation with the help of GPS.

How IoT Help to Develop Agriculture Domain :

There are some applications of IoT in farming :

Use of weather forecasting: farmers can analyse weather conditions by using weather
forecasting which helps them to plan the type of crop can be grown and and when should seeds be
sown

Soil and crop health monitoring system : Apps which helps farmers to monitor soil and crop health conditions and produce healthy crops with a higher level of productivity.

Analyzing crop health by drones : In this technique, the drone captures data from fields and then data is transferred via a USB drive from the drone to a computer and analyzed by experts. It also helps the farmer to identify pests and bacteria helping farmers to timely use of pest control and other methods to take required action.

AI-enabled system to detect pests : AI systems use satellite images and compare them with historical data using AI algorithms and detect if any insect has landed and which type of insect has landed like the locust, grasshopper, etc. And send alerts to farmers to their smartphones so that farmers can take required precautions and use required pest control thus AI helps farmers to fight
against pests.

Yield mapping : The raw log document contains focuses which are recorded during turns and as
the grain moves through a consolidation is a deferred process, the sensor estimations neglect to
compare to the careful gathering areas.

Precision Farming and Predictive Analysis :

Farmers can make use of IoT to estimate the date to sow crops and allocate the required resources for growing these crops, such as fertilizer and water, etc. to get the maximum results. This technology has the potential to solve one of the biggest problems that humankind has o face.